Prevention

Tubercolisis

• BCG
• The TB vaccine called Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) was first developed in the 1920s
• It is one of the most widely used of all current vaccines, and it reaches more than 80% of all new born children and infants in countries where it is part of the national childhood immunization program, However, it is also one of the most variable vaccines in routine use
• The BCG vaccine has been shown to provide children with excellent protection against the disseminated forms of TB, however protection against pulmonary TB in adults is variable. Since most transmission originates from adult cases of pulmonary TB, and it is generally used to protect children, rather than to interrupt transmission among adults
• The BCG vaccine will often result in the person vaccinated having a positive result to a TB skin test

Hand Mouth Food Disease

• Wash hands often with soap and water, especially after changing diapers and using the toilet
• Cleaning and disinfecting frequently touched surfaces and soiled items, including toys
• Avoiding close contact such as kissing, hugging, or sharing eating utensils or cups with people with hand, foot, and mouth disease
• Using mouthwashes or sprays that numb mouth pain
• Isolate contagious people because disease is highly contagious, people with the illness should limit their exposure to others while they have active signs and symptoms. Keep children with HMFD out of child care or school until fever is gone and mouth sores have healed. If you have the illness, stay home from work.
• Encourage your child to drink plenty of fluids

Leprosy 

• The Bacillus Calmette-Guerin(BCG) vaccine offers a variable amount of protection against leprosy in addition to tuberculosis It appears to be 26 to 41% effective (based on controlled trials) and about 60% effective based on observational studies with two doses possibly working better than one.Development of a more effective vaccine is ongoing as of 2011